Experimental and Computational Analysis of Newly Identified Pathogenic Mutations in the Creatine Transporter SLC6A8

Author(s)
Evandro Ferrada, Tabea Wiedmer, Wen An Wang, Fabian Frommelt, Barbara Steurer, Christoph Klimek, Sabrina Lindinger, Tanja Osthushenrich, Andrea Garofoli, Silvia Brocchetti, Samuel Bradberry, Jiahui Huang, Aidan MacNamara, Lia Scarabottolo, Gerhard F. Ecker, Anders Malarstig, Giulio Superti-Furga
Abstract

Creatine is an essential metabolite for the storage and rapid supply of energy in muscle and nerve cells. In humans, impaired metabolism, transport, and distribution of creatine throughout tissues can cause varying forms of mental disability, also known as creatine deficiency syndrome (CDS). So far, 80 mutations in the creatine transporter (SLC6A8) have been associated to CDS. To better understand the effect of human genetic variants on the physiology of SLC6A8 and their possible impact on CDS, we studied 30 missense variants including 15 variants of unknown significance, two of which are reported here for the first time. We expressed these variants in HEK293 cells and explored their subcellular localization and transport activity. We also applied computational methods to predict variant effect and estimate site-specific changes in thermodynamic stability. To explore variants that might have a differential effect on the transporter's conformers along the transport cycle, we constructed homology models of the inward facing, and outward facing conformations. In addition, we used mass-spectrometry to study proteins that interact with wild type SLC6A8 and five selected variants in HEK293 cells. In silico models of the protein complexes revealed how two variants impact the interaction interface of SLC6A8 with other proteins and how pathogenic variants lead to an enrichment of ER protein partners. Overall, our integrated analysis disambiguates the pathogenicity of 15 variants of unknown significance revealing diverse mechanisms of pathogenicity, including two previously unreported variants obtained from patients suffering from the creatine deficiency syndrome.

Organisation(s)
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
External organisation(s)
Bayer AG, Axxam SpA, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Medizinische Universität Wien, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (ÖAW)
Journal
Journal of Molecular Biology
Volume
436
No. of pages
24
ISSN
0022-2836
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168383
Publication date
01-2024
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
301207 Pharmaceutical chemistry
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Biophysics, Structural Biology, Molecular Biology
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/experimental-and-computational-analysis-of-newly-identified-pathogenic-mutations-in-the-creatine-transporter-slc6a8(2ab4c998-f49e-4051-bfa3-66702bb60aab).html